Fuel mixing means



April 16, 1957 J. s. FALZONE 2,789,041

FUEL. MIXING MEANS Filed Dec. 2, 1954 INVENTOR.

JOJEPH5 FA LZO/VE BY FUEL MIXING MEANS Joseph S. Falzone, Bethpage, N. Y.

Application December 2,1954, Serial No. 472,630

4 Claims. (Cl. 48-180) This invention relates to fuel mixing means, and, more particularly, to such means incorporating turbine members for agitating and mixing the fuel and air output from a carburetor.

This application is a continuation in part of my prior co-pending application Serial No. 426,663, filed April 30, 1954, for Fuel Mixing Means.

It is well known that the efliciency of internal combustion engines is quite low. One of the factors in this low efliciency is the lack of the maximum possible distribution of the fuel and air mixture so as to insure an optimum mixture for combustion. The output of a carburetor is a mixture of air and droplets of fuel and this mixture in conventional engines is fed to the intake manifold whence it is supplied to the various cylinders.

The present invention provides mixing means connected between the carburetor and the intake manifold to provide a better mixing and distribution of the air and fuel.

My prior application comprised a cylindrical member having a flange for mounting inside the fuel passage, a first stator member connected at the top ofsaid cylindrical member, a pair of rotary turbine wheels connected inside the cylindrical member, a second stator member at the bottom of the cylindrical member and a rotor member connected to the bottom stator member.

The present invention is an improvement over myprior application in that the cylindrical member is spaced somewhat from the fuel passage and has a plurality of holes in its lower surface so that the mixture may pass through these holes through the side of the cylindrical member. Also, it eliminates the two rotor members inside the cylindrical member. The flange also-has a plurality ofholes to admit air.

Therefore, the present invention consistsof a cylindrical member having a plurality of holes, a flange connected to one end of the cylindrical member for mounting purposes, said flange having a plurality of small holes perpendicular to the axis of said cylindrical member. The purpose of these holes is to admit air into the cylindrical member. A first stator member having a pluralityof radial vanes is connected inside the cylindrical member and a second stator member is connected inside the cylindrical member near its bottomedge and extending out somewhat from the bottom edge. A rotor member having a plurality of radial vanes is. rotatably connected below the second stator member; The direction of pitch of the first and second stator members is preferably: the same and thedirection of pitch. of rotor member is. opposite to that of the first and: second stator memben.

nited States Patent Ice Accordingly, a principal object of the present invention provides new and improved means for increasing the efficiency of internal combustion engines.

Another object of the present invention is to provide new and improved means for increasing the efliciency of fuel combustion.

Another object of the present invention is to provide new and improved fuel mixing means.

Another object of the present invention is to provide new and improved fuel mixing means comprising a plurality of turbine wheels.

Another object of the present invention is to provide new and improved fuel mixing means comprising a plurality of turbine wheelscooperating with stationary means for changing the direction of flow.

Another object of the present invention is to provide new and improved fuel mixing means comprising a venturi.

These and other objects of the present invention will be apparent from the following specifications of which:

Figure l is an elevational view partly in section of an embodiment of the invention and'Figure 2 is a sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 1 taken through the mounting flange.

Referring nowto the figures, the present invention comprises a cylindrical member 1 which is adapted to be connected to the output conduit of pipe 2 of a carburetor by means of the flange 9. The direction of the flow of the mixture from the carburetor is shown by the arrow. The cylindrical member is preferably spaced slightly from the conduit 2 and the cylindrical member has a plurality of small holes, 5, 6, etc., which will permit some of the mixture to escape from the cylindrical member, thus increasing the turbulence and mixing properties;

The flange 9 is adapted tobe inserted between the conduits 2. and It) and be held by bolts. Suitable gaskets may be used; The flange 9 has a plurality of small holes. 13, 14, etc., perpendicular to the axis of the. cylindrical member. The purpose of the small holes is to admit air into the cylindrical member to thereby increase the turbulence and mixing and also-to enrich the mixture.

. A first stator member having a plurality of radial vanes 21, 22 is connected inside the cylindrical member, for instance, by brazing it to the inside surface of the cylindrical. member 1'. A second stator member 23 is brazed to: the cylindrical member at the bottom edge so that it extends out the bottom of the cylindrical member. The direction of pitch of the radial vanes of the two stator members is preferably inthe same direction although this. may be subject to variation.

A venturi member 41 is threaded to the inside surface of the barrel member 1 to increase the air velocity, and, therefore, the mixing action.

A. shaft 29 is connected through the center of the first and second stator members and extends belowinto the input manifold passage 28 A. rotor: turbine member 30 is mounted onthe shaft 29 preferably with ball bearings and is spaced from the second stator member by means of a spacer 31". The rotor member is conventionally mounted on the shaft 29, the end of. whichis threaded by'meansof a washer 32 and nut 33, which is preferably secured by a cotter pin in a conventi'onal. manner.

The operation of the invention is as follows:

The mixture is received from the carburetor in the direction. shown. by the: arrow. The mixture is mixed in.

the cylindrical member because of the stator vanes 21 and 23 and is further mixed by the action of the venturi, by the increase in velocity of the mixture without resistance and the rotor member 30 which is turned rapidly by the flow of the mixture induced by the vacuum pressure in the inward manifold 28. Some of the mixture will escape through the holes 5, 6, etc., in the sides of the cylindrical member and will flow down in space between the cylindrical member 1 and the fuel passage 2. This increases the turbulence and-mixing effect of the stator 'and'rotor members, and prevents heavier fractions of the fuel from collecting on cylinder wall and forming fuel'film.

The function of the small holes 13 and 14 in the flange is to admit air into the cylindrical member to thereby increase the mixing and enrich the mixture, and blend the volatileliquid fuel with proper amount of air.

A screen 40 is preferably mounted inside the cylindrical member above the first stator member in order to strain out any foreign material in the mixture and also increase the mixing effect within the turbinechamber. V V v The rotor 30 which spins very rapidly due' to the vacuum pressure tends toaccelerate the mixture through the manifold in the turbine chamber and minimizes eddy current effects around the chamber corners, and, therefore,.avoids any back pressure. It also tends to avoid any possibility of flashback through the mixing chamber.

As the fuel mixture flows through the turbine chamber, it is deflected by the first and second stator members answer 4. Aids valves from becoming warped and pitted, due to water vapor thatis not condensed, due to negative particles of low thermal values.

The gases emerge thru the final directional stationary stator, a rotor which directs the gases thru the manifold and then to the combustion chambers, with positive colliding action and expanding particles, with high thermal values, making available a greater amount of energy and efficiency for greater economy on a gallon basis of fuel utilized,

This device may be installed on automotive carburetors, a single flange mixer being inserted into the bore of the barrel of the carburetor. A two port unit flange will be used for two barrel carburetors and a four port unit flange for four barrel carburetors. i

In household heating plants that use fueloil for heating, a nozzle mixer may be attached 'to barrel of oil gun, in front of spray nozzle. The present mixer nozzle will prevent large particles from entering combustion chamber. The disadvantages of large particles is that only the surface of the particles are burned, and the center converted into sludge substance which is deposited on the combustion chamber walls, with a decrease in B. t. u., and

which tend to back up the flow and create a certain amount of turbulence and mixing. They also impart a centrifugal direction to the flow of the mixture so that some of the mixture will escape through the holes in the side of the cylindrical member, and reduces the collection of heavier fractions of the fuel on cylinder wall. There is, therefore, a great amount of turbulence and agitation action of fuel and air by increasing the velocity of the mixture, without resistance, and employment of the jet holes in cylinder housing secures air-fuelratio, constant over thefullrange of throttle openings. This also .prevents heavier fractions of the fuel from collecting on the cylinder wall and forming a fuel film. This collection aflects the air-fuel ration of the mixture reaching the cylinders of the engine.

The components of the invention are preferably made of non-corrosive material, such as stainless steel, aluminum, or brass.

The mixing device of the present invention may be referred to as a collision nozzle since it is the collision of the particles of fuel which break down into very fine particles.

An operating object of this nozzle is to converge the fuel and air particles, for continuous positive colliding action, to prevent disassociation of the air fuel particles which become ionized form negative particles which decreases positive action, creates a low potential, and slow movement of the particles, which decreases their collision for rapid expansion and velocity..

The following advantages will be apparent:

l. The airfuel mixture collides continuously to insure the maximum thermal value of the fuel, with increase of efficiency. z

2. The fuel is completely burned, and will show economy on a gallon basis.

3. Decreases the amount of positive products remaining in the combustion chamber, after combustion due to partial disassociation of the combustion. products.

greater an increase in fuel consumption.

The physical dimensions of this device will vary with the size, make or type of carburetor or barrel of oil burner to which it is to be aflixed.

I claim:

1. Fuel mixing means comprising a fuel conduit adapted to be connected to the output of a carburetor comprising a cylindrical member having a plurality of holes, a flange connected to one end of said member, said flange. having 1 a plurality of holes perpendicular to the axis of said cylindrical member to admit air into said cylindrical member, a first stator member having a plurality of radial turbine vanes having a first direction of pitch, said stator being connected to and inside said cylindrical member,

- a second stator member having a plurality of radial turbine vanes having said first direction of pitch, said second stator being connected to and inside said cylindrical member at the bottom of said cylindrical member and extending slightly below the lower end of said cylindrical member.

2. Fuel mixing means comprising a fuel conduit adapted to be connected to the output of a carburetor comprising a cylindrical member having a plurality of holes, a flange connected to one end of said member, said flange hav ing a plurality of holes perpendicular to the axis of said 7 cylindrical member to admit air into said cylindrical member, a first stator member having a plurality of radial turbine vanes having a first direction of pitch, said stator being connected to and inside said cylindrical member, a second stator, member having a plurality of radial turbine vanes having 'said first direction of pitch, said second stator being connected to and inside said cylindrical member at the bottom of said cylindrical member and extending slightly below the lower end of said cylindrical member, a rotor turbine member rotatably connected to said second stator member having a plurality of radial vanes and having the direction of pitch of said vanes opposite to that of said first and second stator members. 3. Apparatus as in claim 2 having a screen member connected inside said cylindrical member above said first and second stator members, and a venturi member connected to'said cylindrical member above said screen.

4. Fuel mixing means comprising a fuel conduit adapted to be connected to the output of a carburetor comprising a cylindrical member having a plurality of holes, a flange connected toone end of said .member, said flange having a plurality of holes: adapted to admit air intosaid cylindrical member, a first stator member having a plurality drical-mcmber at the bottom of said cylindrical member.

and extending slightly below the lower end of said cylindrical member.

References Cited in the file of this patent Kowalski June 18, 1935 10 6 Miller Mar. 3, Barnes Feb. 7, Linn Feb. 20, Morton Apr. 15, Wilson Apr. 24, Barabino Feb. 11, Ramey Feb. 8,

FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain Oct. 22, 

1. FUEL MIXING MEANS COMPRISING A FUEL CONDUIT ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED TO THE OUTPUT OF A CARBURETOR COMPRISING A CYLINDRICAL MEMBER HAVING A PLURALITY OF HOLES, A FLANGE CONNECTED TO ONE END OF SAID MEMBER, SAID FLANGE HAVING A PLURALITY OF HOLES PERPENDICULAR TO THE AXIS OF SAID CYLINDRICAL MEMBER TO ADMIT AIR INTO SAID CYLINDRICAL MEMBER, A FIRST STATOR MEMBER HAVING A PLURALITY OF RADIAL TURBINE VANES HAVING A FIRST DIRECTION OF PITCH, SAID STATOR BEING CONNECTED TO AND INSIDE SAID CYLINDRICAL MEMBER, A SECOND STRATOR MEMBER HAVING A PLURALITY OF RADIAL TURBINE VANES HAVING SAID FIRST DIRECTION OF PITCH, SAID SECOND STATOR BEING CONNECTED TO AND INSIDE SAID CYLINDRICAL MEMBER AT THE BOTTOM OF SAID CYLINDRICAL MEMBER AND EXTENDING SLIGHTLY BELOW THE LOWER END OF SAID CYLINDRICAL MEMBER. 